Bab 8(1) JLPT N4
Ryokan no yoyaku (1)
Booking a room at a traditional inn (1)
Dekiru koto
• Denwa de, kakari no hito ni jibun no kibou o tsutaetari, shitsumon shitari shite, yoyakusuru koto ga dekiru.
Express your desires, ask questions and make a reservation over the phone with a clerk.
Ryokan no hito : Hai. Yamashita ryokan de gozaimasu.
Sumisu : Heya no yoyaku o onegaishitai ndesuga ...
Ryokan no hito : Arigatou gozaimasu. Itsu deshouka.
Sumisu : Raigetsu no juuyokka no doyoub8 desu ga ...
Ryokan no hito : Juuyokka no doyoubi desu ne, Nan mei sama desu ka.
Sumisu : Futari desu.
Ryokan no h8to : Washitsu to youshitsu to dochira ga yoroshii deshou ka.
Sumisu : Washitsu no houga iin desu ga, heya wa hiroi desu ka.
Ryokan no hito : Eeto, hai. Youshitsu yori washitsu no houga sukoshi hiroi desu yo.
Sumisu : Jaa, washitsu ni shimasu.
Ryokan no hito : Hai. Washitsu desu ne. Onamae o onegaishimasu.
Sumisu : Jon. Sumisu desu.
Ryokan no hito : Jon. sumisu sama desu ne.
68 yamashita ryokan de gozaimasu
Dou tsukau ?
"~de gozaimasu" wa, "~desu" no teineina ii kata. Kyaku ni hanasu toki ya, supi-chi nado oozei no hito ni taishite hanasu toki nado ni tsukau.
"~ de gozaimasu" is a polite way to say "~desu". It is used, for example, to talk to a customer or to give a speech to a large group of people.
N + de gozaimasu
1. Irasshaimase. Kyou no ranchi menyu- wa kochira de gozaimasu.
2. Kochira no shatsu wa ima ichiban urete iru dezain de gozaimasu.
3.
A : Sumimasen. Pasokon sofuto wa nankai desu ka.
B : Nana kai de gozaimasu.
+Plus
gozaimasu
"gozaimasu" wa "arimasu" no teineina ii kata ni naru.
1. Josei no toire wa ikkai to sankai ni gozaimasu.
2. Moushiwake gozaimasen.
69 onegaishitain desu ga
Dou tsukau ?
"~ndesu ga" wa, kibou ya jijou nadi, aite ni hanashitai koto i hanasu o mae okito shite tsukau. "~ndesu ga..." to, hanashitai koto o iwanaide aite ni kizuite morau ii kata o suru koto mo ooi.
Use "~ ndesuka" as a preface to a desire, situation, or other topic you want to talk about with someone. "~ndesu ga ..." is often said to get a person's attention without saying what it is you want to talk about.
Pl + ndesu ga
(na A da na N da na)
1.
A : Sumimasen. Toukyou eki e ikitain desu ya ...
B : Ja, kono densha de daijoubu desu yo.
2.
A : Anou, setsumeikai o kiki ni kitan desu ga ...
B : A, ryuugaku setsumeikai desu je. Nikai no kaigishitsu e douzo.
3. Eki no chikaku de saifu o otoshitan desu ga, todoite imasu ka.
Yattemiyou !
1.
A : Kono hon, kopi- shitain desuga ...
B : (Kopi- ki wa achira ni gozaimasu).
2.
A : Ryokou ni moushikomi sho o wasurete shimattan desuga ...
B : (Ja, ashita motte kite kudasai).
3.
A : Sumimasen. Kono seki, watashi ni sekinan desuga ...
B : E ? (Sumimasen. Machigaemashita).
4.
A : Sumimasen. Nihyakuen ireta noni otsuri ga denain desu ya ...
B : (Mou ichido botan o oshite mite kudasai.
70 itsu deshou ka
Dou tsukau ?
"~deshouka" wa, "~desuka" no teineina ii kata,
"~deshouka" is a polite way to say "~desuka".
i A
na A + deshouka
N
1. Shitsurei desu ga, dochira sama deshouka.
2. Shiken no moushikomi o shitain desuga, mada daijoubu deshouka.
3. Kono ryouri, karai deshouka.
Yattemiyou !
Rei : Motto yasui chiketto wa (nai deshou ka).
1. Ima kara hikouki no jikan o kaeru no wa (muri deshou ka).
2. Saki ni nimotsu o kuukou ni (okuttemo ii deshou ka).
3. Mukou ni tsuku no wa (nanji deshou ka).
4. Hoteru wa kuukou kara (chikai deshouka).
71 washitsu to youshitsu to dochira ga yoroshii deshou ka
Dou tsukau ?
"A to B to, dochira ga ~ ka" wa, futatsu i kurabete dochira o erabu ka shitsumon suru toki ni tsukau.
Use "A to B ti, dochira ga ~ka" when you ask for an answer between two options.
N + to + N + to, dochira ga ~ ka
1. Ko-hi- to ocha to, dochira ga ii desu ka.
2. Supo-tsu o miru no to suru no to, dochira ga suki desu ka.
Yattemiyou !
1. A su-pa- to B su-pa- to dochira ga yasui desu ka.
2. Gozen to gogo to dochira ga isogashii desu ka.
3. Suki- to suno-po-to to dochira muzukashii desu ka.
4. Niku ryouri to sakana ryouri to dochira ga oishii desu ka.
72 washitsu no houga ii
Dou tsukau ?
"~ no houga ..." wa, futatsu o kurabete dochira ga erabu toki ni tsukau. "..." ni keiyoushi o irete tsukau koto mo aru.
Use "~ni houga"..." when you compare two options and choose one. You can also use an adjectives for "..."
N + no houga
1.
A : Ashita ni haikingu, suka-to to zubon to, docchi ga ii ?
B : Zubon no houga ii to omou yo.
2. A, kore kimusan no imoutosan ? Imoutosan no houga se ga takain desu ne.
3. Kaban wa karui houga ii yo.
4. Kamera wa takakute mo kireina shashin ga toreru houga ii to omoimasu.
Yattemiyou !
Rei :
A : Umi to yama to, dochira ga suki desu ka.
B : Watashi wa (yama no houga suki desu./ dochira mo suki desu).
1.
A : Ocha to ju-su to, dochira ga suki desu ka.
B : Watashi wa (ocha no houga suki desu./ ju-su no houga suki desu./ dochira mo suki desu./ dochira mo sukija arimasen).
2.
A : Gohan to pan to, dochira ga ii desu ka.
B : Watashi wa (gozen no houga ii desu/ pan no houga ii desu./ dochira demo ii desu).
3.
A : Nihongo to eigi, dochira ga jouzu ni hanasemasu ka.
B : Watashi wa (nihongo no houga jouzu ni hanasemasu./ eigo no houga jouzu ni hanasemasu./ dochira mo jouzu ni hanasemasu./ dochiramo jouzu ni hanasemasen).
A : Pa-ti- no ryouri wa, sushi to tenpura to, dochira ga ii to omoimasu ka.
B : Watashi wa (sushi no houga ii to omoimasu./ tenpura no houga ii to omoimasu./ dochira demo ii to omoimasu./ dochira mo yokunai to omoimasu).
73 youshitsu yori washitsu no houga sukoshi hiroi desu
Dou tsukau ?
"A yori B no houga ~" wa, A to kurabetara B ga ~ de aru to iu toki ni tsukau. " A yori B no houga~" no katachi de, keiyoushi o ireru koto mo aru.
Use "A yori B no houga~" pattern as well.
N + yori + N + no houga
1. Watashi yori ani no houga nihongi ga jouzu desu.
2.
A : Kondonkagoshima e ikun desu ga ...
B : Ja, shinkansen yori hikouki no houga ii desu yo.
Yattemiyou !
Rei :
A : Kono kuroi kaban, karukute ii desune.
B : Demo, kuroi kaban yori shiroi kaban (no houga karui) desu yo.
1.
Petaru : Samui desune.
Tanaka : Ee. Demo nihon yoru, roshia (no houga samui) deshou ?
2.
Murata : Pattosan, kono kare-, karai deshou.
Patto : Ee. Demo, nihon no kare- yori, tai no kare- (no houga karai) desu yo.
3.
A : A, mite. Koko no ko-to yasui!
B : Koko yori, yunikuro (no houga yasui) yo. Mi ni ikou.
4.
A : Takushi- ga kimashita yi. Norimashou.
B : A, matte kudasai. Densha (no houga ii desu) yo. Kono jikan wa michi ga konde imasu kara.
74 washitsu ni shimasu
Dou tsukau ?
"~ ni naru" wa, hanshi te ga jibun de kemeta koto o iu toki ni tsukau.
The speaker can use "~ni suru" when he or she talks about a decision to do something that he or she has made.
N + ni suru
1.
A : Raishuu kyouti ni iku toki, basu de ikimasu ka. Sore tomo shinkansen ni shimasu ka.
B : Shinkansen ni shimasu.
2.
A : Nomimono wa nani ni shimasu ka.
B : Bi-ru, onegaishimasu.
Yattemiyou !
Rei : Tanakasan ni ageru purezento, (nani) ni shimasu ka.
1.
A : Kekkonshiki, (itsu) ni suru ?
B : Sou nee. Rokugatsu ga iin ja nai ?
2.
A : Kyou ni hirugohan, kare- ni naru ? Soretomo ra-men ni suru ?
B : Kinou kare- datta kara, kyou wa (ra-men) ni shimashou.
3.
A : Doko ni suwaru ? Omise no naka ? Soto ?
B : Keshiki ga ii kara (soto) ni shiyou.
4.
A : Basu de kaeru ? Takushi- ni suru?
B : Nimotsu ga ooi kara, (takushi-) ni shiyou.
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