Bab 1 (2) Try JLPT N3

 Bab 1 (2) Try JLPT N3

初めてに富士登山

できること

● 旅行などの初めての経験について、体験したことや考えたとき、感じたことが表現できる。 Talk about things you tried as well as your thoughts and feelings about trips and other new experiences.

     Demo, nobotte miru to, hontou ni taihen datta.  Tochuu de tatte iru no motsurai hodo ashi ga omoku natta. Mou yametai to omotta ga, mae o miru to, dondon nobotte iku Rinsan ga mieta. Rinsan ga ganbatte iru no ni, akirameru no wa kuyashii kara, watashi mo nobori tsuzuketa.

     Atode kiitara, Rinsan mo tochuu de yameyou to omotta kedo, watashi ga ushiro kara nobotte kuru no ga mieta kara ganbatta to itte ita. Taihen datta ga, ichiban ue made ikete hontou ni yokatta. Dakara, moshi korekara fujisan ni noboru hito ga itara, uemade ikitai nara, tomodachi to issho ni iku koto o osusume shitai. Mochiron sansokan mo motte itta houga ii.

Demo, mou ichido ikitai ka to kikaretara, mou ni do to anna taihen na koto wa shita kunai to kotaeru darou. Fujisan wa ttoku kara miru houga zutto ii to omou.

6 nobotte miru to    saat mencoba mendaki

Ada kesan terkejut setelah melakukan sesuatu dan selalu diikutu dengan kata kerja bentuk lampau di akhir kalimatnya.

Dou tsukau ?

" ~ to, ..." wa ima made kizukanakatta koto ni kizuita toki ni tsukau. Igai ni motta koto ni tsukawareru koto gq ooku, mata "kizuita koto" nanode bunmatsy wa kokei ni naru koto ga ooi.

Use " ~ to, ... " when you have noticed something you had not been aware of until that time. It is often used to express surprise. It also means the speaker has "noticed" something, hence the end of the sentence is often in the past tense.

V-ru + to

1. Ki gakku to, soto wa sukkari kuraku natte ita.

2. Machiawase no basho ni kiku to, tomodachi wa mou kite ita.

3. Mukashi sunde ita tokori ni itte miru to, ookii biru ga tatte ita.

4. Kuni kara todoita nimotsu o kikeru ti, daisukina okashi ga irette ita.

Yattemiyou !

1. Reizouko o kikeru to (ke-ki ga atta).

2. Nichiyoubi, me ga sameru to (juuni ji datta).

3. Mado o akeru to (yuki ga futte ita).

+plus

~ tara

" ~ tara" ni mo onaji tsukai kata ga aru.

1. Okujou ni ue gattara, toukyou sukai tsuri- ga mieta.

2. Hassha no beru ga natte iru node tobi nottara, hantai houkou no densha datta.

3. Shuushoku shiken no kekka no renraku da to omotte isoide denwa ni detara, machigai denwa datta.

7 tatte iru no motsurai hodo  sampai berdiri pun susah

Pola kalimat ini menerangkan keadaan sampai di titik tertentu, ada kesan negatif dalam kalimat dengan pola ini. Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah bentuk kamus dan negatif.

Dou tsukau ?

"~hodo ..." wa, "arukenai hodo tsuyoi kaze" no youni, " ..." no joutai • teido ga futsuu de wa nai koto o, "~" no rei o tsukattw arawasu toki ni tsukau.

Use "~hodo ..." to describe the unusual condition or degree of "..." by using "~" as an example, as in "arukenai hodo tsuyoi kaze".

V-ru/ V-nai

i A                    + hodo

N

* "V- (masu) tai" mo tsukawareru koto ga aru

1. Fujisan ni nobotte, orite kitw toki wa, mou ippo mo arukenai hodo tsukarete ita.

2. Ano futago wa ryoushin mo machigaeru hodo yoku nite itu.

3. Nenmatsu wa, neko no te mo karitai hodo isogashiku naru.

4. Ranchi taimu no resutoran wa, me ga mawaru hodo isogashii.

5. Konshuu chuu ni yara nakereba naranai shigoti ga yama hodo aru.

Yattemiyou !

1. Kinou kengaku shita koujou wa (setsumei ga kikoenai) hodo urusakatta.

2. Komedi- eiga o mite (onaka ga itaku naru) hodo waratta.

3. Kore wa (senmon ka demo kotaerarenai) hodo muzukashii mondai da.

8 dondon nobotte iku   perlahan-lahan mulai mendaki

Pola ini menunjukkan proses suatu kegiatan masih akan terus berlangsung. Selalu didahului kata kerja bentuk te.

Dou tsukau ?

"~ te iku" wa, "aruite iku" no youni, aru dousa o shinagara tooku e idou suru toki yw, "katte iku" no youni, suru dousa o shite kara tsugi no basho e iku koto o arawasu toki ni tsukau. Shourai ni mukatte tsuzuite iku to o iu toki ni mo tsukau.

Use "~te iku" to describe how the subjectvof the sentence will travel a long distance, as in "aruite iku", or to say that the subject will go to another place after taking a certain action, as in "katte iku". You can also use it when you say that an action will continue on into the future.

V-te + iku

1. Fuyu ni naru to watari tori wa minami no hou e tonde iku.

2. A : Moshimoshi, ima kara socchi e iku kedi, nani ka katte ikou ka.

B : Ja, ju-su katte kite.

3. Korekara mo nihongo no benkyou o tsuzukete iku tsumori desu.

4. Korekara, nihon no kaisha de mo gaikokujin shain wa fuete iku to omoimasu.

Plus

~ te kuru

Hantai ni, chikazuku toki wa "~te kuru" o tsukau.

Dousa ya henka ga kako kara ima made tsuzuite iru koto o iu toki n8 mo tsukau.

On the contrary, use "~te kuru" when something comes closer. You can also use it when an action or change from the past is continuing on into the present.

1. Moushikomi no toki ni, mibunshoumeisho o motte kite kudasai.

2. Tana kara hon ga ochite kite, odoroita.

3. Nihonjin wa mukashi kara sakana o tabete kimashita.

4. Watashi wa kono machi de yon nen kan, kankyouchousa o tsuzukete kimashita.

Yattemiyou !

1. Kono kaisha de sanjuu nen ganbattw hataraite (kita) ga, kyou de kono shigoto mo owari da.

2. Raishuu no pa-ti- ni dono kutsu o haite (ittara) ii to omou ?

3. Watashi tachi no chikara dentoubunka o mamotte (ikou) to omotte imasu.

9 nobori tsuzuketa   lanjut mendaki

Sebelumnya diikuti kata kerja bentuk masu, digunakan saat ingin mengatakan sedang melakukan sesuatu yang serupa terus-menerus.

Dou tsukau ?

"~tsuzukeru" wa, dousa o sutto tsuzukeru koto ya, shuukan to shite kuri kaesu koto o kyouchoushite iu toki ni tsukau.

Use "~tsuzukeru" when you say that an action is going on continuously, or to emphasize the repetition of a habit or custom.

V-(masu) + tsuzukeru

1. Ano hito wa ha isha ni ichinen ijou kayoi tsuzukete iru sou desu.

2. Inu ni hachikou wa, shujin o machi tsuzuketa.

3. Kono kusuri wa tochuu de yamenaide, isshuukan nomi tsuzukete kudasai.

Yattemiyou !

1. Marason ga sukina node, nansai ni nattemo (hashiri) tsuzukeru tsumori desu.

2. Ano resutoran wa, dentou no imi o (mamori) tsuzukete iru,

3. Pasokon no gamen o (mi) tsuzukete itara, me ga itaku natta.

4. Nagai jikan (hataraki) tsuzukeru yori, sukoshi yasunda houga ii shigoto ga dekimasu yo.

10 uemade ikitai nara  bila ingin pergi sampai ke puncak

Digunakan saat menyarankan sesuatu kepada orang lain, menggunakan kata kerja bentuk kamus atau kata benda sebelum pola kalimat.

Dou tsukau ?

"~ nara, ..." wa, " ~ no baai wa" to han i o gentei shite, adobaisu o shitari moushide o shitari suru toki ni tsukau.

Use "~nara, ..." like an "if" clause to set limits and to provide advice or make a suggestion.

V-ru (no) 

N                   + nara

* "hoshii nara • ~ tai nara " mo tsukawareru.

1. Taiwan e ryokou ni iku nara, juuichi gatsu gq ichiban ii to omoimasu yo.

2. 

A : Ronbun o kaku node, iroiro shirabe nakereba naranain desu.

B : Ronbun no shiryou nara, kokkai toshokan ni takusan arimasu yo.

3. 

A : Kondo Amerika e ikun desu.

B : Sorenara, ookii kaban o kashimashou ka.

4. N3 ni goukaku shitai nara, kono hon o yoku benkyou shita houga ii yo.

Yattemiyou !

Rei : Tesuto ga (owattara), dashite kudasai.

1.

A : Ashita kara shucchou de hokkaidou ni itte kimasu.

B : Hokkaidou e (ikunara), ko-to o motte itta houga ii yo. Shigatsu demo mada samui kara.

2.

A : Atarashii ge-mu sofuto ga hoshiin desu ga ...

B : Ge-mu sofuto o (kau nara), ekimae ni mise ga yasui desu yo.

3. Kono botan o (osuto) ocha ga demasu.

4. (Isogeba), tsugi ni densha ni noboremasu yo.

Check

1. Sen en shika atatta koto ga nain desu ga, korekara mo takaraku ji o (kai tsukeru) tsumori desu.

2. Gomen. Ju-su o (katte kuru) kara, chotto koko de matte ite.

3. Tomodachi no uchi e iku toki wa, itsumo ke-ki o (katte iku) koto ninshite imasu.

4. Terebi o tsukeru (to), choudo sukina kashu ga utau tokoro datta.

5. Ryuugaku suru (nara), iku mae ni sono kuni no kotoba o benkyoushita houga ii desu yo.

6. Kyuu ni senaka o tatakarete iki ga tomaru (hodo) odoroita.

Matome no Mondai Review questions

Mondai 1(文法形式のはんだん Bunpou keishiki no handan)

Tsugi no bun no (    ) ni ireru no ni sai mo yoi moni o 1.2.3.4 kara hitotsu erabi nasai.

1. Ano futaru wa sakki kara ichi jikan ijou hanashi (tsuzukete) imasu ne.

2. Sensei ni, yasumu toki wa kanarazu renrakusuru (you ni) iwareta.

3. Zannen dakedo, isogashikute kyou no nomikai, (ike sou ni na)n da.

4. Prezento no hako o (akeru to), konyakuyubiwa ga irette ita.

5. Imouto wa fuyu demo mainichi (taberu hodo), aisukuri-mu ga suki desu.

6. Saikin dorama no naiyou ga wakaru youni natte (kite), ureshii.

7. Tesuto no toki wa kotae o (kaki owattara), mou ichido mite, chekkushite kudasai.

8. Konshuumatsu, umi e oyogi n8 iku yotei desu ga, tenki ga amari (yoku nasa sou) na no de, shinpai shite imasu.

Mondai 2 (bun no kumitate)

Tsugi no bun no ☆ ni iru sai mo yoi mono o, 1.2.3.4 kara hitotsu erabi nasai.

1. Isha ni tabako to osake o (yameru) youni iwareta.

2. Hoshii mono o yasuku kaitai nara (kau) mae ni inta-netto de nedan o shirabeta houga ii yo.

3. Tomodachi ga rai getsu kaisha o yameru (toiu) hanashi o kiite, bikkuri shita.

Mondai 3 (bunshou no bunpou)

Tsugi no bunshou o yonde, bunshou zentai no naiyou o kangaete, 1~4 no naka ni, 1.2.3.4 kara hitotsu erabi nasai.

     Suizokukan de shiroiruka no akachan ga umareta to kiita node, tomodachi to mini itta. Shiroiruka wa iro gq shiroi kara shiroiruka (toiu) namae ga tsuite iru. Demo, akachan o (miru to), shiroku natta no decbikkurishita. Akachan ni toki wa gure- de, dandan shiro naru na noda, kakari no hito gasersumei shite kureta. Totemo kawaikatta. Watashitachi no hou e (oyoide kita) no de, ureshikatta. Shashin o torou tivshitara, furasshu o tsukawanai (youni) iwareta. Akachan ga odoroite shimau karada sou da. Iroirona doubutsu o taisetsu ni sodatete iru kakari no hito wa totemo taihen darou to omotta.

Mondai 4 (choukai)

Kono mondai de wa, mazu shitsumon o kiite kudasai. Sorekara hanashi o kiite, mondai youshi no ichi kara yon no naka kara, motto mo yoi mono o hitotsu erande kudasai.

1chiban

 Onna no hito ga hanashite imasu. Ima no kisetsu wa itsu desu ka.

F : Sakunen o-pun shita kochira no shoppingu senta- de wa, kore made iroirona ibento o okonatte kimashita. Natsu ni wa yukata no fashonsho- o hiraitari, kurisumasu ni wa finrando kara santa kuro-su o yondari shita sou desu. Soshite kyou wa, sakura no hana no katachi o shita kukki- o kubatte imashita. Oishii to hyouban no mise no kukki- ga muryou toiu oshirase o kiite takusan no okyakusan ga atsumari, kubari hajimeru to sugu ni nakunatte shimatta sou desu.

Ima no kisetsu wa itsu desu ka.

Niban

Onna no hito to otoko no hito ga hanashite imasu. Onna no hito wa kono ato nani o shimasu ka.

F : Kachou, sakki buchou kara odenwa ga atte, jiko de densha ga okurete ite, machiawase no jikan ni maniai sou ni nai to oshatte imashita.

M : Sou. Jaa, machiawase no jikan o henkou shiyou ka. Kaigishitsu no yoyaku o kakunin shite, hoka no kano menba- ni renrakushite kudasai.

F : Hai. Kakunin shimashita ga, kaigishitsu wa kono jikan shika tsukaenai sou desu.

M : Jaa,  yotei toori hajimeru koto ni shiyou.

Buchou ni renraku o irete oite kudasai.

F : Hai, wakarimashita.

Onna no hito wa kono ato nani i shimasu ka.

Ni

Kono mondai de wa, mondai youshi ni nani mo insatsu sarete imasen. Mazu bun o kiite kudasai. Sorekara, sono henji o kiite, ichi kara san no naka kara, motto m9 yoi mono o hitotsu erande kudasai.

M : E ? Ko-to kinai de iku no ?

F : 

1. Un, amari samuku nasa sou dakara.

2. Un, samukunari sou dakara.

3. Un, samuku natta ja nai.